Protection from SARS-CoV-2 Delta one year after mRNA-1273 vaccination in nonhuman primates is coincident with an anamnestic antibody response in the lower airway.
| Publication Type | Preprint |
| Authors | Gagne M, Corbett K, Flynn B, Foulds K, Wagner D, Andrew S, Todd J, Honeycutt C, McCormick L, Nurmukhambetova S, Davis-Gardner M, Pessaint L, Bock K, Nagata B, Minai M, Werner A, Moliva J, Tucker C, Lorang C, Zhao B, McCarthy E, Cook A, Dodson A, Mudvari P, Roberts-Torres J, Laboune F, Wang L, Goode A, Kar S, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Yang E, Shi W, Ploquin A, Doria-Rose N, Carfi A, Mascola J, Boritz E, Edwards D, Andersen H, Lewis M, Suthar M, Graham B, Roederer M, Moore I, Nason M, Sullivan N, Douek D, Seder R |
| Journal | bioRxiv |
| Date Published | 10/24/2021 |
| ISSN | 2692-8205 |
| Abstract | mRNA-1273 vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Delta wanes over time; however, there are limited data on the impact of durability of immune responses on protection. We immunized rhesus macaques at weeks 0 and 4 and assessed immune responses over one year in blood, upper and lower airways. Serum neutralizing titers to Delta were 280 and 34 reciprocal ID 50 at weeks 6 (peak) and 48 (challenge), respectively. Antibody binding titers also decreased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Four days after challenge, virus was unculturable in BAL and subgenomic RNA declined ∼3-log 10 compared to control animals. In nasal swabs, sgRNA declined 1-log 10 and virus remained culturable. Anamnestic antibody responses (590-fold increase) but not T cell responses were detected in BAL by day 4 post-challenge. mRNA-1273-mediated protection in the lungs is durable but delayed and potentially dependent on anamnestic antibody responses. Rapid and sustained protection in upper and lower airways may eventually require a boost. |
| DOI | 10.1101/2021.10.23.465542 |
| PubMed ID | 34729558 |
| PubMed Central ID | PMC8562540 |